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Buyan Sechen Khagan (1554–1604) was a Mongol king of the Northern Yuan Dynasty in Mongolia and was the eldest son of Tumen Jasagtu Khan whom he succeeded.
Darayisung (Darayisun) Khan (1520 - 1557), was the Mongol Khan of the Northern Yuan Dynasty in Mongolia. Darayisung Khan was the eldest son of Bodi Alagh Khan whom he succeeded as khan. During his rule, Altan Khan became stronger and more disrespectful of the power of the Great Khan and Darayisung Khan was unable to achieve victory in their conflicts. However Altan Khan forced Darayisung Küdeng Khan to flee eastward. Four years later in 1551 Darayisung made a compromise with Altan accepting Altan's leadership in exchange for giving the title 'Gegeen Khan' to him. As a result, Darayisung Khan was forced to relocate his imperial court to the east near Manchuria, and the power of the Great Khan began to decline.
Bodi (Budi) Alagh Khan (1504–1547) was the Mongol Khan of the Northern Yuan Dynasty in Mongolia. Bodi (Budi) Alagh Khan was Dayan Khan’s second son’s eldest son and was handpicked by Dayan Khan as his successor. However, after the death of Dayan Khan, Bars Bolud Jinong, Dayan Khan’s third son, proclaimed himself as the great khan, claiming that Bodi Alagh Khan was too young and too inexperienced to maintain the large Mongol empire. In 1519 it was agreed that Barsbolad (Basbolud) Jinong would give up the crown and Bodi Alagh Khan would be the new Great Khan of Mongols.
Batumöngke Dayan Khan (1464-1517) was a Borjigin Khagan who reunited the Mongols under Chinggisid supremacy in post-imperial Mongolia. Dayan Khan was enthroned as Great Khan of the Yuan Mongol Empire though his ancestor Toghan Temur failed to maintain pan-Mongolism of the Mongol Empire a century before. He is remembered as one of the most glorious Mongolian Emperors.
Delbeg Khan, the brother of Ulzitumur Khan, was born in 1395, the blue pig year, and in 1411, the yellow rat year, he assumed the throne . He passed away in 1415, the white rabbit year.
Elbeg Nigulesugchi Khagan (1361–1399) was the Mongol Khan of the Northern Yuan Dynasty in Mongolia. Elbeg was the younger brother of Jorightu Khan and ruled for seven years. His reigning title Nigulesugchi Khagan means 'Merciful Emperor' in Mongolian. Border skirmishes with Ming China and the Oirat rebellion plagued his reign.<br/><br/> Elbeg Niguulsegch Khan, younger brother of Enkh Zorigt Khan, was born in 1361, the white cattle year. In 1393, the black hen year, he assumed the throne and passed away in 1399, the yellow rabbit year.
Mongolia: Biligtu Khan, born Ayushiridara, temple name Zhaozong; Khan of the Northern Yuan Dynasty in Mongolia (r.1370-1378).<br/><br/> Bilegt Ayushridar Khan, the eldest son of Togun Temur Khan, was born in 1338, the yellow tiger year. In 1370 he became the ruler of Mongolia and the city of Karakorum on native Mongolian territory was made the capital of Mongolia. He fought successfully against the Chinese Ming dynasty and passed away in 1378, the yellow horse year.
Oljei Temur Khagan Bunyashiri (1408-1411) was the Mongol Emperor of Borjigin Mongolia. He was a son of Elbeg Nigulesugchi Khan and younger brother of Gun Temur Khan. He was one of the Borjigin princes, such as Tokhtamysh and Temur Qutlugh, backed by Tamerlane to seize the throne.<br/><br/> Also known as Ulzitumur Khan, the younger brother of Guntumur was born in 1378, the yellow horse year. In 1408, the yellow rat year he assumed the throne and dedicated his entire life to the struggle against the Ming dynasty. Ulzitumur was killed in 1411.
In 1415, the western Mongols led by Bahamu, Delbeg and Bolad were defeated by the Ming army which penetrated as far as Tuul River. However, it was a pyrrhic victory and the number of killed was about the same on both sides. The Ming Emperor was persuaded to return by his followers while the Mongols retired northwards. Although Adai Khan did not claim the throne of Great Khan until 1425, he was able to first unify the eastern part and then the central part of the Mongol territory while denouncing the legitimacy of Delbeg Khan, and carried on campaigns against Delbeg, eventually succeeding in defeating and killing Delbeg Khan in 1415, along with many of his Oirats supporters. Delbeg Khan was succeeded by another direct descendant of Ariq Böke, Oyiradai Khan, chosen by the Oirats to boost the legitimacy of their rule.<br/><br/> The son of Haruusag Duuren, Adai Khan was born in 1400, the red horse year, he assumed the throne and in 1438, the yellow horse year, he was killed by the Oirat's prince Togoon.
Agbarjin (Agvarjin) or Akbarjin was the khagan claimant of the Forty and the Four of Mongolia. He was a youngest brother of Tayisung Khagan Toghtoa Bukha.<br/><br/> Agvarjin Jonon Khan was born in 1423, the black rabbit year. He was enthroned in 1452.
Barsbolad (Basbolud) Jinong (1490–1519) was the Mongol Khan of post-imperial Mongolia. Barsbolad (Basbolud) Jinong was the third son of Dayan Khan, who appointed his grandson (the eldest son of Dayan Khan’s second son), Bodi Alagh Khan as his successor. After the death of Dayan Khan, Barsbolad (Basbolud) Jinong proclaimed himself as the great khan, claiming that Bodi Alagh Khan was too young and too inexperienced to maintain the large Mongol empire, and he was able to rally support from some of the Mongol populace who feared that after a century of fighting, the unification and prosperity finally achieved by Dayan Khan was to be lost and a more experienced leader was needed.
There is very little information about Engke Khan. According to Mongolian historian J.Bor, Engke made an alliance with Timur against the Ming Dynasty. An envoy of Timur met Engke for preparations to conquer China, but Timur died while he was marching into China in 1405.<br/><br/> Enkh Zorigt Khan, the son of Togstumur Khan, was born in 1359, the yellow pig year. He was installed on the throne in 1389 and organized immense work to raise the economy of Mongolia. He died in 1392, the black monkey year.
Gun Temur (1377–1402) was the Mongol Khagan of the Northern Yuan Dynasty in Mongolia. He was the eldest son of Elbeg Nigulesugchi Khan. He ruled from 1400 to 1402. In 1402, he was defeated and killed by by Gulichi. Several months after his death, he was succeeded by his younger brother Oljei Temur Khagan Bunyashiri.<br/><br/> The eldest son of Elbeg Niguulsegch Khan, Guntumur was born in 1377, the red snake year. He ascended to the throne in 1400, though the split between the Oirats and Mongols was even greater during his reign. He was killed in 1402, the black horse year.
Ligdan (also Ligden or Lindan) (1588–1634) was the last in the Borjigin clan of Mongol Khans who ruled the Mongols from Chahar.
Markorgis (or Markos, Marku) (1448–1465) was a Khagan of Mongolia. Some scholars believe his name is a Christian name.<br/><br/> The second son of Taisun Khan, Markus Khan was born in 1446, the red tiger year. He became Khagan of Mongolia in 1455, and was killed in 1456, the red rat year.
Mulan Khan (d.1466), was the Mongol Khan of the Northern Yuan Dynasty in Mongolia and he was the eldest son of Tayisung Khan, Emperor Taizong of Northern Yuan. Mulan Khan succeeded his younger brother Markorgis Khan in 1465, but due to lack of real power, he was killed by warring Mongol nobles who fought each other for dominance. After his death, the position of great khan remained vacant for nearly a decade as warring Mongol clans fought each other for power, and it was not until finally in 1475, that Manduul Khan (Manduyul) was finally crowned as the next khan.
Tayisung Khagan Toghtoa Bukha (1416–1453) khagan of the Northern Yuan Dynasty.<br/><br/> The eldest son of Adai Khan, born in 1422, the year of the black tiger, in 1439, the year of the yellow sheep, Taisan Khan assumed the throne. He was killed in 1452, the year of the black monkey.
Uskhal Khan, born Togus Temur (r. 1378-1388), was the Mongol Khagan of the Northern Yuan Dynasty in Mongolia. He was the last powerful khan of the Mongols until the reign of Dayan Khan. Togus Temur was Biligtu Khan's younger brother and son of Toghan Temur, the last effective Great Khan of the Mongols.<br/><br/> Togstumur Usgal, the younger brother of Ayushridar, was born in 1342, the black horse year. He assumed the throne in 1378. He was a resolute fighter against the aggression of the Chinese Ming. During his reign Karakorum city was set on fire by Chinese troops.Togstumur Khan concentrated his forces on the eastern front, the centre of the enemy troops, but he was killed by traitors in 1388, the yellow dragon year.
Tumen Jasagtu Khagan was a 16th century Emperor of Mongolia who reigned from 1558 to 1592. He was the successor of Darayisung Gödeng Khan and had direct rule over the Chahar. It was during his rule that the Mongols conquered Daur and Evenks. Unlike his father, he succeeded in uniting the entire Mongols including Western Mongols without great bloodshed.
Orug Temur, aka Gulichi, khagan of the Northern Yuan Dynasty (1403-1408).<br/><br/> Also known as Ugch Hashha Khan, he seized the throne in 1403, the black sheep year and passed away in 1408, the yellow rat year.
Manduul Khan (Manduuluu, Manduyul or Manduyulun) (1438–1478), was the Mongol Khan of the Northern Yuan Dynasty in Mongolia, and he was the younger brother of Tayisung Khan, Emperor Taizong of Northern Yuan (Toghtoa Bukha or Toγtoγa Buqa), but the two had different mothers.
Esen Taishi (died 1455) was a powerful Oirat Khagan of the Forty and the Four of Mongolia in the 15th century. He is best-known for capturing the Zhengtong Emperor in 1450 after the Battle of Tumu Fortress and reuniting briefly the Mongols. The Western Mongols reached their peak under his rule.<br/><br/> Esentaish Khan was born in 1407, the red pig year. In the middle of the 17th century he united Oirats with Mongols and in 1452, the black monkey year, he became Khan of all Mongolia. He was a great commander who carried out the most proficient struggle against the Ming dynasty. But the had no imperial lineage and therefore he was overthrown by the nobility.